Side effects associated with the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors

Abstract

Several types of neoplasms, such as head and neck tumors and lung adenocarcinoma, are associated with overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor family. Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers are associated with dermatological reactions, infusion-related reactions, gastroenterological reactions and systemic reactions. Dermatological reactions occur in about 90% and mainly concern the development of acne-type rash.
The heterodimeric partner of epidermal growth factor, HER-2/ERBB2, is overexpressed in a variety of neoplasms, with breast cancer being the main representative. The side effects from the use of the respective therapies concern gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and lung manifestations. Infusion-related hypersensitivity reactions and cardiovascular events are more common, with the main effect on ejection fraction.
In conclusion, the increasing therapeutic use of these substances requires specialized knowledge in order to properly manage the respective side effects. Nurses actively participate in the education of patients and their caregivers so that complications are properly managed, according to the triptych prevention, management, rehabilitation