The role of nursing care in Lutetium-177 PSMA treatment in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Abstract

Introduction: The introduction of targeted therapy with the radionuclide [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 is a milestone in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The role of oncology nursing is crucial for the successful outcome of the treatment, as it requires specialized manipulations and holistic patient support.

Purpose: The present study aims to highlight the multidimensional nursing role in the management of patients undergoing treatment with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617.

Material and Method: A narrative review of the contemporary literature and landmark clinical studies was performed. The search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and Google Scholar databases using keywords related to radioisotope therapy and nursing care. Studies involving adult patients with mCRPC and relevant to oncology nursing practice were selected.

Results: The data analysis focused on three central axes: the management of pre-existing comorbidities, the treatment of specific adverse side effects of radioisotope therapy and the implementation of strict education and radiation protection protocols. Nursing care focuses on the detection and management of symptoms such as bone pain, incontinence and renal dysfunction. The most common adverse effects include fatigue, dry mouth, nausea and anemia, which require systematic monitoring through special tools. Radiation protection education is mandatory to minimize the exposure of the patient's environment to radiation. Best practices include strict intravenous administration, adequate hydration and laboratory control before each cycle.

Conclusions: Nursing care in radioisotope therapy is multidimensional and essential for patient safety. Through interdisciplinary collaboration, continuous education and a holistic approach, nurses contribute significantly to limiting toxicities and improving the quality of life of patients with mCRPC.