Investigation of nurses’ perspectives on the competency of evidence-based practice in the national health system - A qualitative study

Abstract

Introduction: Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is a core component of modern nursing care, contributing to the improvement of service quality and the professional development of nurses. Despite its importance, its implementation in clinical practice remains a challenge, as it depends on factors such as healthcare professionals’ attitudes, knowledge, skills, and organizational conditions.

Aim: This study aims to explore the perceptions of nurses working in the Greek National Health System regarding their competence in EBP and the factors that influence its implementation in daily clinical practice.

Materials and Methods: A qualitative research design was employed, conducted between February and March 2023. Data collection included six individual interviews and two focus groups, each consisting of six participants. Semi-structured, open-ended questions were used to conduct the interviews, allowing for an in-depth exploration of nurses’ perspectives. Data were analyzed using the inductive method to identify thematic units related to understanding, implementation, and perceived barriers to EBP.

Results: Data analysis revealed four main themes affecting nurses’ competence in EBP attitude, knowledge, skills, and implementation. The findings indicate that, despite the nurses’ positive attitude toward EBP, its application in clinical practice faces significant challenges. The main barriers reported include limited access to scientific resources, lack of time, insufficient leadership support, and inadequate training.

Conclusions: Participants emphasized the need for continuous education, specialized training programs, and professional development initiatives to strengthen their EBP skills. They also highlighted the critical role of leadership in fostering a supportive environment that encourages evidence-based decision-making.